Parametric analysis of turning HSLA steel under minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) and nanofluids-based minimum quantity lubrication (NF-MQL): a concept of one-step sustainable machining

Abstract The requirement of cost-effective and ecological production systems is crucial in the competitive market. In this regard, focus shifted towards sustainable cleaner machining processes. Besides clean technologies, effective parametric control required for materials (such as High Strength Low Alloy Steels) specifically designed high strength applications having superior physio-chemical properties. Therefore, machinability complexities require optimized solutions to reduce temperature elevation tooling costs improve these materials. Complying market needs, research examines effectiveness nanofluid on tool life, wear mechanisms, surface roughness (Ra), morphology, material removal rate (MRR) turning 30CrMnSiA (HSLA) using minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) SiO 2 -H O nanofluids (NF-MQL). A systematic investigation based physical phenomena involved carried out considering four process parameters (cutting speed (V C ), feed (F r depth cut (D OC mode machining. F found vital parameter while MRR highly influenced by D regardless approach. One-step sustainability technique applied, which variables used roughing conditions are analogous attain comparable finished without compromising efficiency demonstrate its feasibility through optimal settings under NF-MQL. Multi-response optimization proved NF-MQL condition best alternative result 28.34% 5.09% improvements MRR, respectively. Moreover, use recommended over MQL due lower energy consumption, low wear, better integrity, liquid, related costs.